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Honed Tube for Hydraulic Cylinder
A honed tube, also commonly known as a hydraulic cylinder tube or cylinder barrel, is a critical and precision-made component that forms the main body of a hydraulic cylinder. It serves as the pressure-containing chamber and the guide for the piston and seal assembly. Its primary function is to allow smooth, efficient, and leak-free linear movement of the piston under high pressure. The distinguishing feature of this component is its internal surface, which is finished to a high degree of precision through a process called honing.
Description
A honed tube, also commonly known as a hydraulic cylinder tube or cylinder barrel, is a critical and precision-made component that forms the main body of a hydraulic cylinder. It serves as the pressure-containing chamber and the guide for the piston and seal assembly. Its primary function is to allow smooth, efficient, and leak-free linear movement of the piston under high pressure. The distinguishing feature of this component is its internal surface, which is finished to a high degree of precision through a process called honing.
Honing is an abrasive machining process that produces a precise cross-hatch surface pattern on the interior of the tube. This is achieved using honing stones that simultaneously rotate and reciprocate within the tube bore. This specific motion creates the characteristic angled pattern, which is crucial for optimal performance. This cross-hatch pattern serves two vital purposes: it retains lubrication to ensure consistent lubrication of the piston seals, reducing friction and wear, and it traps microscopic contaminants, preventing them from scratching and damaging the seals and piston.
The benefits of a properly honed tube are extensive. Firstly, it provides an exceptionally smooth surface finish with a very low roughness average (Ra). This minimizes friction, reduces wear on seals, and enhances the efficiency and responsiveness of the hydraulic system. Secondly, honing ensures superior geometric accuracy, maintaining strict tolerances for inner diameter (ID) and achieving exceptional straightness and roundness. This prevents bypass leakage and ensures consistent piston movement without deviation. Finally, the process creates a surface with a compressive residual stress, which can improve the tube's fatigue life and resistance to pressure.
These tubes are typically manufactured from high-strength, low-carbon steel grades like ST52.3 or CK45. To enhance corrosion resistance and further reduce friction, they are often chrome-plated on the internal diameter (ID). Honed tubes are the industry standard for hydraulic cylinders used in incredibly demanding applications across construction equipment (excavators, bulldozers), agricultural machinery (tractors, combines), industrial presses, and material handling equipment. Their precision is fundamental to the power, reliability, and longevity of the entire hydraulic system.
1. Chemical Composition
|
Steel grade |
Chemical composition % |
||||||||
|
C |
Si |
Mn |
P |
S |
Cr |
Ni |
V |
AI |
|
|
≤ |
≥ |
||||||||
|
C20 |
0.17-0.24 |
0.17-0.37 |
0.15-0.65 |
0.035 |
0.025 |
0.250 |
0.250 |
/ |
/ |
|
CK45 |
0.42-0.5 |
0.17-0.37 |
0.5-0.8 |
0.025 |
0.025 |
0.250 |
0.300 |
/ |
/ |
|
Q355B |
≤0.2 |
≤0.5 |
1.0-1.6 |
0.030 |
0.030 |
0.030 |
0.250 |
0.080 |
0.015 |
|
Q355D |
≤0.2 |
≤0.5 |
1.0-1.6 |
0.030 |
0.025 |
0.250 |
0.250 |
0.150 |
/ |
|
E355(ST52) |
≤0.22 |
≤0.55 |
≤1.6 |
0.025 |
0.025 |
0.250 |
0.250 |
/ |
/ |
|
SAE1026 |
0.22-0.28 |
0.15-0.35 |
0.6-0.9 |
0.040 |
0.050 |
/ |
/ |
/ |
/ |
|
4130 |
0.28-0.33 |
0.15-0.35 |
0.4-0.6 |
0.040 |
0.040 |
0.80-1.10 |
/ |
/ |
/ |
|
4140 |
0.36-0.43 |
0.15-0.35 |
0.705-1.0 |
0.040 |
0.040 |
0.80-1.10 |
/ |
/ |
/ |
2.Mechanical Property:
|
Delivery condition |
Cold finished(hard)(BK) |
Cold drawn and stress-relieved(BK+S) |
|||
|
Steel grade |
Rm MPa |
Elongation A5% |
Rm MPa |
ReH Mpa |
Elongation A5% |
|
C20 |
≥550 |
≥5 |
≥520 |
≥375 |
≥15 |
|
CK45 |
≥645 |
≥5 |
≥600 |
≥520 |
≥10 |
|
Q355B |
≥640 |
≥5 |
≥600 |
≥520 |
≥14 |
|
Q355D |
≥640 |
≥5 |
≥600 |
≥520 |
≥14 |
|
E355(ST52) |
≥640 |
≥5 |
≥600 |
≥520 |
≥14 |
|
SAE1026 |
≥640 |
≥5 |
≥600 |
≥520 |
≥15 |
3.Tolerance:
|
Tolerance |
I.D Tolerance |
Tolerance of wall thickness |
||||
| Size of I.D. | H8 | H9 | H10 |
<120mm(O.D) ≥120mm up to 210mm >210mm |
±5% ±7.5% ±10% |
|
|
30 |
0.033 |
0.052 |
0.084 |
|||
|
>30-50 |
0.039 |
0.062 |
0.1 |
|||
|
>50-80 |
0.046 |
0.074 |
0.12 |
|||
|
>80-120 |
0.054 |
0.087 |
0.14 |
|||
|
>120-180 |
0.063 |
0.1 |
0.16 |
|||
|
>180-250 |
0.072 |
0.115 |
0.185 |
|||
|
>250-315 |
0.081 |
0.13 |
0.21 |
|||
|
>315-400 |
0.089 |
0.14 |
0.23 |
|||
4.Processing Form
|
Processing form |
I.Dmm |
Length |
Straightness |
I.D tolerance |
I.D Roughness (RA) |
|
Honed |
40-500 |
≤12M |
0.5-1/1000 |
H8-H9 |
0.4-0.8um |
|
SRB |
50-250 |
≤12M |
0.5-1/1000 |
H8 |
0.1-0.4um |
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